標題:
求譯【英翻中】新聞文章,贈點15點
吉尼士美語學校發問:英語家教網
因為工作需要需參考一些資料,但英文不好。希望各位英文好的朋友,幫忙翻譯一下,請勿使用翻譯軟體或是奇摩英文直接翻譯,避免造成誤譯。選中的朋友我會贈點15點!謝謝~In an alaborate study using careful scientific procedures, Greenwald and his associates (1991) obtained strong support for their hypothesis. Individuals who heard an audiotape that contained the subliminal message, "I have... 顯示更多 因為工作需要需參考一些資料,但英文不好。希望各位英文好的朋友,幫忙翻譯一下,請勿使用翻譯軟體或是奇摩英文直接翻譯,避免造成誤譯。選中的朋友我會贈點15點!謝謝~ In an alaborate study using careful scientific procedures, Greenwald and his associates (1991) obtained strong support for their hypothesis. Individuals who heard an audiotape that contained the subliminal message, “I have high self-worth,” did not exhibit any increase in self-esteem. In addition, those who listened to the tape that contained the “My ability to remember is increasing” message did not display improvements in memory. But the belief in subliminals’ impact exerted a significant effect. Subjects who thought they had been listening to tape designed to improve self-esteem (regardless of whether they actually had) believed their self-esteem had improved. Individuals who thought they had been listening to a memory audiotape (regardless of whether they had ) were convinced their memory had gotten better! The researchers argued that what they had discovered was “an illusory placebo effect—placebo, because it was based on expectations; illusory, because it wasn’t real” (Pratkanis, 1998, p. 248). Their findings could also be viewed as another demonstration of the power of self-fulfilling prophecy. This is the idea that if you expect something to occur, sometimes it will—not because of the objective event itself, but rather because you altered your thoughts; the alterations in cognitive structure then lead to changes in behavior. Notice that a self-fulfilling prophecy operates on the conscious level, not the secretive, subconscious level at which subliminal ads are supposed to work, And, ironically, it is the conscious level at which subliminal ads may have their greatest impact. Actually, it is not the ads that exert the impact, but rather the perceptions of their effects that are influential.
最佳解答:
Greenwald 和他的同事(1991)在一個精心設計的研究,認真的科學程序,得到大力支持他們的假設。個人聽到的錄音帶,其中包含的潛台詞,“我有很高的自我價值”,並沒有表現出任何增加自尊。此外,那些誰聽磁帶中的“我的記憶能力提高”的消息在內存中沒有顯示改善。但是,影響潛意識的信念產生了顯著的效果。誰想到他們一直聽磁帶,旨在提高自尊(不管它們是否真的有)認為他們的自尊心得到了改善。個人誰想到他們在聽一個內存錄音帶(無論他們是否有)相信他們的記憶變得更好! 研究人員認為,他們的發現是一個“虛幻的安慰劑效應安慰劑,因為它是根據預期;虛幻的,因為它不是真正的”(Pratkanis, 1998, p. 248)。也可以被看作是自我實現的預言的力量再一次證明了他們的研究結果。這是想法,如果你期望的東西發生,有時會不因客觀事件本身,而是因為你改變了你的想法,認知結構的改變導致行為的改變。 請注意,一個自我實現的預言經營的意識層面上,而不是遮遮掩掩的,潛意識層面潛意識廣告應該是工作,而且,具有諷刺意味的是,它在潛意識的廣告可能產生最大的影響是有意識的水平。其實,這是不施加影響的廣告,而是他們的影響的看法是有影響力的。
其他解答:
格林沃爾德和他的同事在1991年做了一項縝密的科學試驗,得以'強力支持他們的假設。當受試者聽到包含潛意識訊息的錄音帶,“我有很高的價值”,並沒有表現出任何增加自信心的結果。此外,當聽到錄音帶中“我的記憶力有提昇”的句子,對於記憶力並沒有改善。但相信"潛意識的存在"產生了顯著的效果。受測者若相信到他們聽著能夠提高自信心(不管它們是否真的有)的錄音帶認為他們的自信心得到了改善。受測者想到他們在聽一捲能夠增強記憶力的錄音帶(無論他們是否有)相信他們的記憶力變得更好! 研究人員認為,他們的發現是安慰劑效應,這是可被預期的結果;,因為它不是真實的”(Pratkanis,1998年,第248頁)。他們的研究結果也可以被看作是再次證明了自我實現的所預言的力量。也就是說,如果你期望的事情發生,有時會不是因為事件本身,而是因為你改變了你的想法,認知結構的改變導致行為的改變。 該注意的事,自我實現該於潛意識廣告作用於意識層面上,而不是秘密的,而且,有諷刺的是,潛意識的廣告可能產生最大影響的是意識層級。其實,廣告本身並會不造成影響,反而是感知才是最有影響力的。
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